Chapter 3. Example installation

Table of Contents

3.1. Introduction
3.2. The installation process
3.3. Keyboard layout
3.4. Starting the installation
3.5. MBR partitions
3.6. Disklabel partitions
3.7. Setting the disk name
3.8. Last chance!
3.9. The disk preparation process
3.10. Installation type
3.11. Choosing the installation medium
3.11.1. Installing from CD-ROM / DVD / install image media
3.11.2. Installing from an unmounted file system
3.11.3. Installing via FTP and Network configuration
3.11.4. Installing via NFS
3.12. Extracting sets
3.13. System configuration
3.14. Finishing the installation

3.1. Introduction

This chapter will guide you through the installation process. The concepts presented here apply to all installation methods. The only difference is in the way the distribution sets are fetched by the installer. Some details of the installation differ depending on the NetBSD release. The examples from this chapter were created with NetBSD 8.0.

Note

The following install screens are just examples. Do not simply copy them, as your hardware and configuration details may be different!

3.2. The installation process

The installation process is divided logically into two parts. In the first part, you create a partition for NetBSD and write the disklabel for that partition. In the second part, you decide which distribution sets (subsets of the operating system) you want to install and then extract the files into the newly created partition(s).

3.3. Keyboard layout

The NetBSD install program sysinst allows you to change the keyboard layout during the installation. If for some reason this does not work for you, you can use the map in the following table.

US IT DE FR
- ' ß )
/ - - !
= ì ' -
: ç Ö M
; ò ö m
# £ § 3
" ° Ä %
* ( ( 8
( ) ) 9
) = = 0
' à ä ù
` \ ^ @
\ ù # `

3.4. Starting the installation

To start the installation of NetBSD, insert your chosen boot medium (CD/DVD, USB drive, floppy, etc.) and reboot the computer. The kernel on the installation medium will be booted and it will start displaying a lot of messages on the screen about hardware being detected.

Figure 3.1. Selecting the language

Selecting the language

When the kernel has booted, you will find yourself in the NetBSD installation program, sysinst, shown in Figure 3.1, “Selecting the language”. From here on, you should follow the instructions displayed on the screen, using the INSTALL document as a companion reference. You will find the INSTALL document in various formats in the root directory of the NetBSD release. The sysinst screens all have more or less the same layout: the upper part of the screen shows a short description of the current operation or a short help message, and the rest of the screen is made up of interactive menus and prompts. To make a choice, use the cursor keys, the Ctrl+N (next) and Ctrl+P (previous) keys, or press one of the letters displayed left of each choice. Confirm your choice by pressing the Return (also known as Enter) key.

Start by selecting the language you prefer to use for the installation process.

The next screen Figure 3.2, “Selecting a keyboard type” will allow you to select a suitable keyboard type.

Figure 3.2. Selecting a keyboard type

Selecting a keyboard type

This will bring you to the main menu of the installation program (Figure 3.3, “The sysinst main menu”).

Figure 3.3. The sysinst main menu

The sysinst main menu

Choosing the Install NetBSD to hard disk option brings you to the next screen (Figure 3.4, “Confirming to install NetBSD”), where you need to confirm that you want to continue the installation.

Figure 3.4. Confirming to install NetBSD

Confirming to install NetBSD

After choosing Yes to continue, sysinst displays a list of one or more disks and asks which one you want to install NetBSD on. In the example of Figure 3.5, “Choosing a hard disk”, two disks are listed, and NetBSD will be installed on wd0, the first SATA or IDE disk found. If you use SCSI or external USB disks, the first one will be named sd0, the second one sd1 and so on.

Figure 3.5. Choosing a hard disk

Choosing a hard disk

Then the installer will ask you to confirm the detected disk geometry from the information provided by the BIOS, as shown in Figure 3.6, “Disk geometry”. It almost always gives the right values. Choose This is the correct geometry, unless you know that the information provided by your BIOS is reportedly incorrect.

Figure 3.6. Disk geometry

Disk geometry

3.5. MBR partitions

The first important step of the installation has come: the partitioning of the hard disk. First, you need to specify whether NetBSD will use a partition (suggested choice) or the whole disk. In the former case it is still possible to create a partition that uses the whole hard disk (Figure 3.7, “Choosing the partitioning scheme”), so we recommend that you select this option as it keeps the BIOS partition table in a format which is compatible with other operating systems.

Figure 3.7. Choosing the partitioning scheme

Choosing the partitioning scheme

The next screen shows the current state of the MBR partition table on the hard disk before the installation of NetBSD. There are four primary partitions, and as you can see, this example disk is currently empty. If you do have other partitions you can leave them around and install NetBSD on a partition that is currently unused, or you can overwrite a partition to use it for NetBSD.

Figure 3.8. fdisk

fdisk

Deleting a partition is simple: after selecting the partition, a menu with options for that partition will appear (Figure 3.9, “Partition options”). Change the partition kind to Delete partition to remove the partition. Of course, if you want to use the partition for NetBSD you can set the partition kind to NetBSD.

You can create a partition for NetBSD by selecting the partition you want to install NetBSD to. The partition names a to d correspond to the four primary partitions on other operating systems. After selecting a partition, a menu with options for that partition will appear, as shown in Figure 3.9, “Partition options”.

Figure 3.9. Partition options

Partition options

To create a new partition, the following information must be supplied:

  • the type (kind) of the new partition

  • the first (start) sector of the new partition

  • the size of the new partition

Choose the partition type NetBSD for the new partition (using the type option). The installation program will try to guess the start position based on the end of the preceding partition. Change this value if necessary. The same thing applies to the size option; the installation program will try to fill in the space that is available until the next partition or the end of the disk (depending on which comes first). You can change this value if it is incorrect, or if you do not want NetBSD to use all the suggested amount of space.

After you have chosen the partition type, start position, and size, it is a good idea to set the name that should be used in the boot menu. You can do this by selecting the bootmenu option and providing a label, e.g., NetBSD. Repeat this step for other bootable partitions, so you can boot both NetBSD and a Windows system (or other operating systems) using the NetBSD bootselector. You can also choose one of the labelled partitions as default for the boot menu. If you are satisfied with the partition options, confirm your choice by selecting Partition OK. Choose Partition table OK to leave the MBR partition table editor.

If you have made an error in partitioning (for example you have created overlapping partitions) sysinst will display a message and suggest to go back to the MBR partition editor (but you are also allowed to continue). If the data is correct but the NetBSD partition lies outside the range of sectors which is bootable by the BIOS, sysinst will warn you and ask if you want to proceed anyway. Doing so may lead to problems on older PCs.

Note

This is not a limitation of NetBSD. Some old BIOSes cannot boot a partition which lies outside the first 1024 cylinders. To fully understand the problem, you should study the different types of BIOSes and the many addressing schemes that they use (physical CHS, logical CHS, LBA, ...). These topics are not described in this guide.

On modern computers (those with support for int13 extensions), it is possible to install NetBSD in partitions that live outside the first 8 GB of the hard disk, provided that the NetBSD boot selector is installed.

Next, sysinst will offer to install a boot selector on the hard disk. This screen is shown in Figure 3.10, “Installing the boot selector”.

Figure 3.10. Installing the boot selector

Installing the boot selector

At this point, the BIOS partitions (called slices on BSD systems) have been created. They are also called PC BIOS partitions, MBR partitions or fdisk partitions.

Note

Do not confuse the slices or BIOS partitions with the BSD partitions, which are different things.

3.6. Disklabel partitions

Some platforms, like PC systems (amd64 and i386), use DOS-style MBR partitions to separate file systems. The MBR partition you created earlier in the installation process is necessary to make sure that other operating systems do not overwrite the diskspace that you allocated to NetBSD.

NetBSD uses its own partition scheme, called a disklabel, which is stored at the start of the MBR partition: for more information, refer to Section 2.2.2, “Partitions”. In the next few steps you will create a disklabel(5) and set the sizes of the NetBSD partitions, or use existing partition sizes, as shown in Figure 3.11, “Edit partitions?”.

Figure 3.11. Edit partitions?

Edit partitions?

When you choose to set the sizes of the NetBSD partitions you can define the partitions you would like to create. The installation program will generate a disklabel based on these settings. This installation screen is shown in Figure 3.12, “Setting partition sizes”.

Figure 3.12. Setting partition sizes

Setting partition sizes

As specified in Figure 3.3, “The sysinst main menu”, the items of the installation menus can be selected pressing the letter displayed left of them. Be careful that, in these menus, they do not always correspond to the BSD disklabel partition letters. For example, third line (letter c) of Figure 3.12, “Setting partition sizes” does not refer to the whole NetBSD partition, as well as the fourth line (letter d) does not correspond to BSD disklabel partition d.

The default partition scheme of just using a big / (root) file system (plus swap) works fine with NetBSD, and there is little need to change this. Figure 3.12, “Setting partition sizes” shows how to change the size of the swap partition to 4096 MB. Note also that partition / is marked with a +, so it will occupy all the remaining free space (not located for any other partition). Changing /tmp to reside on a RAM disk (mount_tmpfs(8) or mfs(8)) for extra speed may be a good idea. Other partition schemes may use separate partitions for /var, /usr and/or /home, but you should use your own experience to decide if you need this. When you completed the definition of all the desired partitions, choose Accept partition sizes.

The next step is to create the disklabel and edit its partitions, if necessary, using the disklabel editor (Figure 3.13, “The disklabel editor”). If you predefined the partition sizes in the previous step, the resulting disklabel will probably fit your wishes. In that case you can complete the process immediately by selecting Partition sizes ok.

Figure 3.13. The disklabel editor

The disklabel editor

Letters in Figure 3.13, “The disklabel editor” are used for line selection and to represent the corresponding BSD disklabel partitions, with the meaning specified in Section 2.2.2, “Partitions”. In the amd64 port, there are two reserved partitions: c, representing the NetBSD partition, and d, representing the whole disk. You can edit all the other partitions by using the cursor keys and pressing the Return key, or using their corresponding letters. You can add a partition by selecting an unused slot and setting parameters for that partition. The partition editing screen is shown in Figure 3.14, “Disklabel partition editing”. When you are satisfied with all the values, choose Partition sizes ok.

Figure 3.14. Disklabel partition editing

Disklabel partition editing

3.7. Setting the disk name

After defining the partitions in the new disklabel, the last item is to enter a name for the NetBSD disk as shown in Figure 3.15, “Naming the NetBSD disk”. This can be used later to distinguish between disklabels of otherwise identical disks.

Figure 3.15. Naming the NetBSD disk

Naming the NetBSD disk

3.8. Last chance!

The installer now has all the data it needs to prepare the disk. Nothing has been written to the disk at this point but, and now is your last chance to abort the installation process before actually writing data to the disk. Choose no to abort the installation process and return to the main menu, or continue by selecting yes.

Figure 3.16. Last chance to abort

Last chance to abort

3.9. The disk preparation process

After confirming that sysinst should prepare the disk, it will run disklabel(8) to create the NetBSD partition layout and newfs(8) to create the file systems on the disk.

After preparing the NetBSD partitions and their filesystems, the next question (shown in Figure 3.17, “Selecting bootblocks”) is which bootblocks to install. Usually you will choose the default of BIOS console, i.e., show boot messages on your computer's display.

If you run a farm of machines without monitor, it may be more convenient to use a serial console running on one of the serial ports. The menu also allows changing the serial port's baud rate from the default of 9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity and one stopbit.

Figure 3.17. Selecting bootblocks

Selecting bootblocks

3.10. Installation type

The installer will then ask whether you want to do a full, minimal or custom installation. NetBSD is broken into a collection of distributions sets. Full installation is the default and will install all sets; Minimal installation will only install a small core set, the minimum of what is needed for a working system. If you select Custom installation you can select which sets you would like to have installed. This step is shown in Figure 3.18, “Full or custom installation”.

Figure 3.18. Full or custom installation

Full or custom installation

If you choose to do a custom installation, sysinst will allow you to choose which distribution sets to install, as shown in Figure 3.19, “Selecting distribution sets”. At a minimum, you must select a kernel and the Base and Configuration files (/etc) sets.

Figure 3.19. Selecting distribution sets

Selecting distribution sets

3.11. Choosing the installation medium

At this point, you have finished the first and most difficult part of the installation!

The second half of the installation process consists in populating the file systems by extracting the distribution sets that you selected earlier (Base, Compiler tools, Games, etc.). Now sysinst needs to find the NetBSD sets and you must tell it where to find them: it can be the same medium where sysinst resides, or a different one, according to your preferences. The menu offers several choices, as shown in Figure 3.20, “Installation media”. The options are explained in detail in the INSTALL documents.

Figure 3.20. Installation media

Installation media

3.11.1. Installing from CD-ROM / DVD / install image media

Choose this option if you want to install NetBSD from either an optic medium (CD-ROM / DVD) or another medium, such as an USB drive. If the running sysinst itself has been loaded from there, the corresponding device will be automatically selected and the extraction of the distribution sets will begin.

The CD-ROM/DVD or other device name

If sysinst is not able to detect the CD-ROM/DVD or the USB flash device, you can gather more information about the hardware configuration as follows:

  1. Press Ctrl+Z to pause sysinst and go to the shell prompt.

  2. Type the command:

    # dmesg

    This will show the kernel startup messages, including information about not detected or not configured devices. When the first CD-ROM or DVD drive in the system is properly working, it is usually named cd0, regardless of whether it is IDE or SCSI (or even USB or FireWire). The first USB flash drive is named sd0 when it is correctly configured.

  3. If the display scrolls too quickly, you can also use more:

    # dmesg | more
  4. As instructed, you can return to the NetBSD installation by typing either exit or ^D (Ctrl+D).

3.11.2. Installing from an unmounted file system

Figure 3.21, “Mounting a file system” shows the menu to install NetBSD from an unmounted file system. It is necessary to specify the device (Device), its file system type (File system) and a root directory inside it (Base directory). The binary installation sets and the source sets are .tgz files. The default mountpoint is mnt in amd64. The path is formed as follows:

/<default mountpoint>/<Base directory>/<Binary set directory> or <Source set directory>/set.tgz

Choose a combination of Base directory and Binary set directory (or Source set directory) that generates a valid path in your unmounted filesystem. If more than one consecutive / appear, only the first / will actually be considered. You need to specify a Source set directory only if you previously chose to install some sources. Source sets are usually not included in the installation images.

In the following example the install sets are stored on a MSDOS file system, on partition e on the device sd0.

Figure 3.21. Mounting a file system

Mounting a file system

Specify the device name and the partition. Figure 3.22, “Mounting a partition ” shows how to specify device "sd0" with partition "e".

Figure 3.22. Mounting a partition

Mounting a partition

In Figure 3.23, “Accessing a MSDOS file system” the file system type specified is msdos. This value is used to form the command mount_<File system> to mount the volume. Any string (representing a File system type) which forms a valid command is accepted: for example, the NetBSD file system ffs or ext2fs, a Linux file system. In this example, the Base directory item is left blank and the binary sets are stored under /sets, so that the path becomes:

/mnt///sets

Ignoring the multiple /, this is equivalent to /mnt/sets and it is a valid one. Choosing Continue will start the extraction of the sets.

Figure 3.23. Accessing a MSDOS file system

Accessing a MSDOS file system

3.11.3. Installing via FTP and Network configuration

If you choose to install from a local network or the Internet via FTP, sysinst must be instructed to properly get the distribution sets, as shown in Figure 3.24, “Defining the FTP settings”.

Figure 3.24. Defining the FTP settings

Defining the FTP settings

The defaults work most of the time. You also need to configure your network connection, before proceeding: go to the corresponding menu item, pressing letter j.

NetBSD currently supports installation via ethernet, USB ethernet or wireless, and wireless LAN. Installation via DSL (PPP over Ethernet) is not supported during installation.

In the first step, shown in Figure 3.25, “Which network interface to configure”, the network card to be configured must be selected. sysinst will determine a list of available network interfaces, present them and ask which one to use.

Figure 3.25. Which network interface to configure

Which network interface to configure

Note

The exact names of your network interfaces depend on the hardware you use. Example interfaces are wm for Intel Gigabit interfaces, ne for NE2000 and compatible ethernet cards, and ath for Atheros based wireless cards. This list is by no means complete, and NetBSD supports many more network devices.

If your network device is not listed in Figure 3.25, “Which network interface to configure”, maybe it has not been properly detected. To get a list of network interfaces available on your system, interrupt the installation process by pressing Ctrl+Z, then enter

# ifconfig -a
wm0: flags=0x8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
        capabilities=2bf80<TSO4,IP4CSUM_Rx,IP4CSUM_Tx,TCP4CSUM_Rx>
        capabilities=2bf80<TCP4CSUM_Tx,UDP4CSUM_Rx,UDP4CSUM_Tx,TCP6CSUM_Tx>
        capabilities=2bf80<UDP6CSUM_Tx>
        enabled=0
        ec_capabilities=7<VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,JUMBO_MTU>
        ec_enabled=0
        address: 08:00:27:7e:85:d7
        media: Ethernet autoselect (1000baseT full-duplex)
        status: active
lo0: flags=0x8048<LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 33624

If the desired interface has not been shown, get more information about all the devices found during system boot. Type:

# dmesg | more

As instructed, you can return to the NetBSD installation by typing either exit or ^D (Ctrl+D).

Next, you have a chance to set your network medium. Press Enter to choose the default.

Note

It is unlikely that you will need anything other than the default here. If you experience problems like very slow transfers or timeouts, you may, for example, force different duplex settings for ethernet cards. To get a list of supported media and media options for a given network device (wm0, for example), escape from sysinst by pressing Ctrl+Z, then enter:

# ifconfig -m wm0
wm0: flags=0x8802<BROADCAST,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
        capabilities=2bf80<TSO4,IP4CSUM_Rx,IP4CSUM_Tx,TCP4CSUM_Rx>
        capabilities=2bf80<TCP4CSUM_Tx,UDP4CSUM_Rx,UDP4CSUM_Tx,TCP6CSUM_Tx>
        capabilities=2bf80<UDP6CSUM_Tx>
        enabled=0
        ec_capabilities=7<VLAN_MTU,VLAN_HWTAGGING,JUMBO_MTU>
        ec_enabled=0
        address: 08:00:27:7e:85:d7
        media: Ethernet autoselect (1000baseT full-duplex)
        status: active
        supported Ethernet media:
                media none
                media 10baseT
                media 10baseT mediaopt full-duplex
                media 100baseTX
                media 100baseTX mediaopt full-duplex
                media autoselect

The several values printed after media may be of interest here, including keywords like autoselect but also including any mediaopt settings.

Return to the installation by typing exit or ^D (Ctrl+D).

The next question, shown in Figure 3.26, “Using autoconfiguration”, is whether you want to perform autoconfiguration. This procedure uses DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol). sysinst will fetch a number of defaults from it, giving most likely the correct settings. This procedure is recommended, unless you want to set a static IP address, and/or specify some custom parameters.

Figure 3.26. Using autoconfiguration

Using autoconfiguration

You will then be asked for your DNS domain; if the machine is not in a registered public domain, it can be left blank.

At the end of this procedure, a list of all the settings is shown, as in Figure 3.27, “Confirm autoconfiguration”. If they are correct, choose Yes. Otherwise, choosing No, the network configuration will restart from the beginning, giving the opportunity to perform again all the steps (and also to perform a manual configuration).

Figure 3.27. Confirm autoconfiguration

Confirm autoconfiguration

If you chose No in Figure 3.26, “Using autoconfiguration”, you will be asked several questions to manually configure the network. All the parameters are presented in the form Parameter_name [default_value]:. Press Enter to use the default value. If no default value is provided, the parameter will be left blank.

Your host name:

The name by which other machines can usually address your computer. Not used during installation.

Your DNS Domain:

This is the name of the domain you are in. You may leave it blank if you are not in a public domain.

Your IPv4 address:

Enter your numerical Internet Protocol address in dotted quad notation here, for example, 192.168.1.3. It will be used as a static IP for your network card.

IPv4 Netmask:

The netmask for your network, either given as a hex value (0xffffff00) or in dotted-quad notation (255.255.255.0).

IPv4 gateway:

Your router's (or default gateway's) IP address. Do not use a hostname here!

Your name server:

Your (first) DNS server's IP address. Again, don't use a hostname.

After answering all of your network configuration info, their list is shown as in Figure 3.27, “Confirm autoconfiguration”. You will have a chance to go back and make changes. If you are satisfied with your settings, choose Yes.

sysinst will now run a few commands (not displayed in detail here) to configure the network: flushing the routing table, setting the default route, and testing if the network connection is operational.

Now that you have a functional network connection, the menu in Figure 3.24, “Defining the FTP settings” will be shown again. Choose Get Distribution to continue: sysinst will download the selected set files to a temporary directory, and then extract them.

3.11.4. Installing via NFS

If you want to install NetBSD from a server in your local network, NFS is an alternative to FTP.

Note

Using this installation method requires the ability to set up an NFS server, a topic which is not discussed here.

As shown in Figure 3.28, “NFS install screen”, you must specify: the IP address of the NFS server as Host; the directory exported by the NFS server as Base directory; the directory containing the install sets as Set directory.

Figure 3.28. NFS install screen

NFS install screen

Figure 3.29, “NFS example” shows an example: Host 192.168.1.50 is the NFS server which exports the directory /home/username/Downloads. The NetBSD install sets are stored in /home/username/Downloads/sets on the NFS server. Choose Continue to start the installation of the distribution sets.

Figure 3.29. NFS example

NFS example

3.12. Extracting sets

After the method to obtain the distribution sets has been chosen, and (if applicable) after those sets have been transferred, they will be extracted into the new NetBSD file system.

A message (see Figure 3.30, “Extraction of sets completed”) will let you know that the set extraction is now completed and that you have the opportunity to perform some essential configuration before finishing the NetBSD installation.

Figure 3.30. Extraction of sets completed

Extraction of sets completed

3.13. System configuration

A menu with all the available configuration options is shown like in Figure 3.31, “Configuration menu”. After the configuration of each item, you will get back to this menu, having the chance to select another one.

Figure 3.31. Configuration menu

Configuration menu

If you have not yet configured Network, you can do it now, following the same procedure already presented in Section 3.11.3, “Installing via FTP and Network configuration”.

The timezone can also be configured. It is Universal Time Coordinated (UTC) by default. Use the two-level menu of Continents/Countries and cities shown in Figure 3.32, “Selecting the system's time zone” to select your local timezone with the Return key. After a valid selection, the cursor will automatically be moved to an Exit item. Then, simply press Return to exit the timezone selection.

Figure 3.32. Selecting the system's time zone

Selecting the system's time zone

The next item in Figure 3.31, “Configuration menu” allows you to choose which command-line interpreter - also known as shell - will be used for the root account. The default is the Bourne-compatible Almquist shell, sh(1). Other choices are the Korn shell (ksh(1)) and the C shell (csh(1)). If, upon reading this, you don't have some idea on which shell you prefer, simply use the default, as this is a highly subjective decision. Should you later change your mind, root's shell can always be changed.

Figure 3.33. Choosing a shell

Choosing a shell

The root account still does not have a password. It is recommended to set it at this point for security reasons, choosing the related item in Figure 3.31, “Configuration menu”.

Figure 3.34. Set a root password?

Set a root password?

When you agree to set a root password, sysinst will run the passwd(1) utility for you. Please note that the password is not echoed.

Figure 3.35. Setting root password

Setting root password

To ease the future installation of binary packages, it is possible to make a preliminary configuration of pkgin: choose Enable installation of binary packages in Figure 3.31, “Configuration menu”. pkgin will be fetched and installed from an FTP server, so be sure that the network configuration has already been done. Specify the Host name, its Base directory (where the packages for all the NetBSD ports are stored), and the Package directory, related to your port and your NetBSD version. Usually, the defaults are correct.

Figure 3.36. Enabling installation of binary packages

Enabling installation of binary packages

Choosing ftp as User, no password will be required. As shown in Figure 3.36, “Enabling installation of binary packages”, you can also choose to install one or more additional packages, typing their names using a space as separator, pressing Enter at the end. To proceed to the installation, type x and press Enter. A pkgin update will be run after the installation of pkgin, to let the repository be immediately up to date.

Figure 3.37. Additional packages

Additional packages

After the procedure is completed, sysinst will show the command to install further packages. Hit Enter to go back to the configuration menu.

If you need or want to build packages from their source code via pkgsrc, choose Fetch and unpack pkgsrc for building from source in Figure 3.31, “Configuration menu”. As before, specify the Host name; pkgsrc directory is the sources base directory. Defaults are usually the best values. A single archive file will be downloaded, for example pkgsrc.tgz: if you want to automatically remove it after the pkgsrc installation, move the cursor on Delete after install and press Enter. To proceed with the download, type x and then press Enter.

Figure 3.38. Fetch and unpack pkgsrc

Fetch and unpack pkgsrc

In the initial configuration menu (Figure 3.31, “Configuration menu”), it is also possible to enable some useful services such as the daemon listening for ssh. For information about ntpd and ntpdate, refer to Section 29.2, “The Network Time Protocol (NTP)”. xdm handles the authentication and the session of users through an X display. Usage of the Cryptographic Device Driver (cgd) is shown in Chapter 14, The cryptographic device driver (CGD). Logical Volume Manager (lvm) is documented in Chapter 17, NetBSD Logical Volume Manager (LVM) configuration, raidframe in Chapter 16, NetBSD RAIDframe. mdnsd provides a Multicast DNS service, and also DNS Service Discovery on NetBSD: check mdnsd(8) for more details.

Finally, the menu in Figure 3.31, “Configuration menu” lets you to add a regular user to the system. For all the base information about users and root accounts, as well as the wheel group, refer to Section 5.6, “Adding users”.

When you completed the configuration of all the desired items, choose Finished configuring in Figure 3.31, “Configuration menu”.

3.14. Finishing the installation

At this point the installation is finished.

Figure 3.39. Installation completed

Installation completed

After passing the dialog that confirms the installation, sysinst will return to the main menu. Remove any installation media (CD, floppy, etc.) and choose Reboot the computer to boot your new NetBSD installation.

Figure 3.40. Reboot to finish installation

Reboot to finish installation